Grushanka is a grassy perennial with lush greenery and beautiful miniature inflorescences. It can be found on forest edges and in the middle of meadows. Grushanka lives in North America, East Asia, Siberia, and the Caucasus. The plant belongs to the heather family and is an effective drug. The range of action of the grushanka is quite wide, but it received the greatest distribution in gynecology. Even if there are no health problems, pay attention to this delicate plant that will adorn the rock garden or the lawn under the trees.
Botanical characteristics
Grushanka is a herbaceous plant with erect, bare stems. It feeds its creeping, superficial rhizome. It is able to cover large areas. The height of the shoots is 35-40 cm. They have a smooth surface of light green color with brown-brown stains.
Rounded petiolate leaves are painted in bright green color and collected in a basal rosette. The relief of the central veins is clearly distinguished on the front side. In the lower part of the stem there is another pair of scaly-shaped sessile leaves of elongated shape with a brownish surface.
Flowering begins in June. At this time, small buds collected in a racemose inflorescence blossom on the top of the stem. On each peduncle there are 8-15 drooping corollas. In shape, they resemble pear flowers, hence the name of pear. White or pink petals open in the form of a five-petalled bell. The diameter of the corolla does not exceed 1.5 cm. The flowers exude a delicate, pleasant aroma reminiscent of the smell of lilies of the valley.
By the end of August, the first fruits appear - spherical seed capsules, slightly flattened on the sides. They contain many tiny seeds.
Types of Grushanka
36 species of plants are registered in the genus Grushanka. Most of them are found only in the wild.
Grushanka is round-leaved. The plant is widely used in folk medicine and homeopathy. It has a long branchy rhizome. Above the ground are upright ribbed shoots up to 30 cm high. At the base is a rosette of long-leaved rounded leaves painted in bright green. The diameter of the leaf plate is 3-6 cm, and the length of the petiole is 12 cm. The inflorescence 6-16 cm long consists of drooping white flowers.
Grushanka small. The thin stem of this variety grows by 12-30 cm. At the base are egg-shaped leaves with small cuts along the edges of the leaf plate. The leaf length is 2.5-6 cm, and the width is 1-5 cm. On the inflorescence 2-8.5 cm long, 7-20 drooping white buds are located.
Grushanka is large-flowered. This ornamental plant with a low stem (8-12 cm) is very popular. The upright shoot is burgundy brown. At the base is a dense rosette of small dark green leaves 1.5-3 cm long. On a dense but short inflorescence - 3-8 flowers. Large, soft pink petals form beautiful corollas with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm.
Growing Features
Grushanka is an unpretentious, easy-to-care plant. However, it needs special conditions of detention. She needs the presence in the soil of hyphae (special soil fungi) with which the plant enters into symbiosis. Mushrooms help rhizomes get nutrients. Often, especially for the grushanka, soil is imported from their native places.
Grushanka is propagated by sowing seeds or dividing rhizomes. Seeds germinate poorly and germinate for a long time. Flowering seedlings are expected only at 4-5 years of life. When propagating by division, it is important to inflict a minimum of damage on the roots, otherwise the pear will die. Under favorable conditions, the plant will quickly grow stronger and begin to sprout shoots.
For planting, you should prefer the shaded part of the area with moist soil. The land should be light and fertile. Sand and peat are recommended to be added to clay soil. The surface is mulched with deciduous humus.
It is important to regularly water the pear, as it painfully tolerates the slightest drought. Leaves are preserved throughout the year. They hide under the snow, and in the spring they are immediately ready to absorb the first sunlight. This allows the plant to accumulate the maximum amount of nutrients. Wintergreen wintering without shelter and normally tolerates severe frosts to -45 ° C.
The chemical composition and procurement of raw materials
The leaves of the chrysanthemum rotundifolia contain a large number of bioactive substances:
- flavonoids;
- tannins;
- vitamins;
- resins;
- trace elements (magnesium, barium, zinc, copper);
- essential oils.
From May to August, healthy leaves are cut and dried in a well-ventilated place. It is important to carefully protect the raw materials from sunlight. Dried and shredded foliage is packed in paper bags and stored for no more than 12 months.
The use of grushanka
Grushanka is effective for the treatment of inflammatory processes in the reproductive, urinary and digestive systems. The most popular decoctions and tinctures with pear are used in the fight against infertility, as well as:
- obstruction of the fallopian tubes;
- endometriosis;
- thrush;
- uterine bleeding.
A decoction or alcohol tincture is taken orally. From infectious diseases, baths and douching also help.
No less effective drugs to combat arthritis, rheumatism, prostatitis, bronchitis, furunculosis, diarrhea and vomiting. In addition to the listed properties in Chinese medicine, compresses with wintergreen are used for bites of poisonous insects, snakes.
In stomatology, the extract of winter wheat is an effective astringent and antibacterial agent. It is included in the composition of lotions, toothpastes and rinses. After rinsing, the mucous membrane is strengthened and the breath is fresh for a long time.
Precautionary measures
The use of grushanka is contraindicated for people suffering from low blood pressure, thrombophlebitis, varicose veins and increased blood clotting. Before taking drugs for the treatment of infertility, you should consult your doctor and establish the exact cause of the disease.
