Jasmine - growing and care at home, photo

Jasmine (Jasminum) - flowering shrub or creeper from the family Olive. It can be evergreen or deciduous. The homeland of jasmine are countries with a tropical and subtropical climate - India, China, Africa and America. The shrub is perennial, in nature it can live up to 20 years, at home - a little less.

Jasmine grows quickly: rooted cuttings planted in the ground can reach the height of an adult plant - 2 meters in almost a year. Often jasmine grows, entwining a strong stalk of support. The time and duration of flowering, color and shape of flowers depend on the type of plant. Common to them is an elegant appearance and a unique sweetish aroma.

Useful properties of jasmine

Healing properties are endowed only with multi-flowered (medicinal) jasmine with simple white flowers. Each part of the plant contains beneficial substances. On their basis, drugs are released to strengthen the nervous system, normalize blood pressure, and treat liver. Jasmine in the form of infusions, decoctions, tea has an analgesic, antiallergic, sedative and antiseptic effect. Restores hormonal balance in the body.

Jasmine green tea relieves stress improves performance, improves mood. Jasmine leaves are used to lower body temperature. A decoction of flowers increases lactation, and a decoction of leaves stops it. Hot compresses are used for skin ulcers.

Jasmine essential oil used in perfumery is very expensive all over the world, because about 7 million flowers are consumed for the production of 1 liter of oil. The smell of jasmine improves mental activity, invigorates and creates an atmosphere of harmony. Inhalations with oil are performed with laryngitis.

Home care for jasmine (briefly)

When jasmine at home in sufficient quantity receives food, water, light and heat, it develops harmoniously and responds to care with a healthy appearance and lush flowering. To make the flower feel comfortable, create acceptable conditions for it in the room:

Performing all the traditional procedures for caring for a flower, you need to know that there are features of growing jasmine. After flowering, overgrown shoots are cut to 2/3. The shrub should be aired periodically. Jasmine is grown using support.

Caring for jasmine at home. In detail

Growing homemade jasmine is not an easy task. A flowering plant is sensitive to any change in familiar conditions. The environment in which the bush is to grow must be stable. The florist should carefully note all the nuances of the plant's content and respond quickly to their changes, only then will jasmine bloom perfectly.

Jasmine blossom

A beautiful long flowering plant is the result of caring for it. Jasmine flowering is a phenomenon that captivates with the beauty of flowers and unique aroma. Dark green ideally oval leaves with pointed tips set off flowers that are solitary or collected in racemose inflorescences. The color palette of flowers is diverse. Although snow and cream shades are traditionally considered classic, jasmine petals can be painted in different shades of pink and yellow.

The shape of simple or double flowers is also diverse. Most often they resemble stars. There are types of jasmine similar to peony or rose flowers. Flowering occurs in different species at different times. Typically, indoor species bloom for 3 weeks, if before that jasmine rested well in a cool room. There are types of jasmine that do not have flowers.

Temperature mode

Maintaining a certain temperature regime is important for the plant to develop properly. Jasmine at home will bloom violently if he spends the winter in coolness. At temperatures above + 13 ° C, its flowers may not open.

To keep the temperature at this level, the room is often aired. The rest of the time, jasmine will feel comfortable at + 15 - 23 ° C. In summer, the plant is taken out to the garden or to the balcony.

It is important not to allow a sharp change in temperature and protect the flower from drafts.

Jasmine Spray

In a room with dry air, jasmine frantically squeezes beautiful glossy leaves. Low humidity causes plant diseases, violates flowering, provokes an invasion of pests. A good way to increase the level of humidity is to spray leaves with lukewarm, lukewarm water.

It is necessary to spray carefully, trying so that water does not get on the flowers. The procedure is carried out throughout the year, excluding winter. After spraying, jasmine is protected from the bright sun so that there is no burning of leaves. To enhance the effect, the flower is placed in a tray with moist expanded clay.

Lighting

Adequate lighting is the key to the development of a healthy and beautiful plant. Jasmine flower at home needs bright diffused light. Due to a lack of light, the bush will suspend growth, lose its decorative effect, stretch out and will not bloom. When there is too much bright light, the plant may get burned leaves.

If the lighting level rises, jasmine is taught to it gradually. It is best to place the flower on the windows facing the southeast or southwest side. In the southern part of the house, the bush is shaded at noon, and in the northern part, additional illumination is installed.

In winter, a flower that is on vacation does not need to be highlighted, and blooming jasmine grows at this time with luminescent or phytolamps.

Watering jasmine

To beautifully bloomed jasmine, home care requires competent watering. In summer, it is important that the soil remains moist, so it is watered after 2 days. Watered less often in autumn. In winter, they make sure that the soil between the irrigations dries out a little, for this they watered a maximum of 2 times in 7 days. If jasmine blooms in winter, watered every 5 days. After flowering, watering is reduced. They try not to overmoisten the bush so as not to cause death due to rotting of the roots.

The soil should be moist, but not wet. For irrigation take soft lukewarm water. Jasmine responds well to stagnant rainwater. Twice every 30 days the water is acidified with citric acid (3-5 crystals or a few drops of lemon juice per 1 liter of water). This will improve flowering and keep the flower in good shape. After watering, the soil is mulched with a coconut substrate or sphagnum.

Jasmine pot

It is important to choose the right jasmine pot, then it can fully develop. The diameter of the new container must not exceed the diameter of the previous one by more than 3 cm. The height of the pot also increases. In this case, the roots of the plant will be located conveniently, and the optimal amount of land can be poured into the container.

Jasmine develops well in cramped conditions, and a large amount of "excess" earth in the pot will lead to its acidification and weight. Under these conditions, the plant will "fatten", growing leaves and root system to the detriment of flowering.

There should be a drainage hole at the bottom of the pot.

Jasmine Primer

Soil for jasmine needs a well-drained, loose. Jasmine prefers a soil with a neutral level of acidity (pH of about 6 - 7). A universal substrate for home plants is suitable, in which you can add a little coniferous land.

You can make the mixture yourself from sheet land, peat, greenhouse land, humus, taken in equal parts, with the addition of ½ part of sand.

Fertilizer and fertilizer

Top dressing and fertilizers are very important for jasmine during growth and flowering. Once every 10 days use liquid mineral fertilizer for indoor plants, diluted 2 times. Once every 30 days, dilute organic fertilizers are used.

After flowering is complete, dressing is suspended until the next flowering.

All fertilizers are applied after watering, preferably in the evening.

Jasmine transplant

Jasmine transplantation is a natural process that a flower needs for optimal development. Young bushes should be replanted annually, adults less often, 1 time in 3 years. Having chosen a pot of a suitable size and having prepared the soil, jasmine is carefully transplanted (transshipped). We must try not to damage the roots.

The lump of the old earth is not destroyed if possible, sprinkling it with new soil. Be sure to pour a thick layer of broken brick or expanded clay on the bottom of the pot - for drainage. Transplanted jasmine is watered, mulched and left in a shaded place for several days. The procedure is carried out after flowering and cutting jasmine.

Pruning

Pruning is needed to rejuvenate and form the crown of a bush. Jasmine loves a haircut, which is carried out annually before the start of the growing season. Species blooming in winter are pruned in autumn when the intensive growth phase begins. There are fast-growing types of jasmine. They are cut twice: after a period of active growth and before flowering.

With clean, sharp scissors or secateurs, the side shoots are carefully cut in half. This will cause lush flowering, will stop the growth of shoots. Weak, skinny branches, like branches with deformed small leaves, are removed completely. When a young bush appears 7-8 pairs of leaves, pinch the tops of the shoots to cause branching.

Jasmine propagation

Jasmine propagation is carried out vegetatively - by cuttings and layering.

Jasmine propagation by cuttings

Propagation by cuttings is a popular way to get a new jasmine bush.

• In spring, cuttings are cut from mature stems, in summer - from young shoots. Do this when the bush does not bloom.
• Cuttings up to 15 cm long, having from 3 internodes, are cut with a sharp knife along the oblique.
• They are kept in a solution of a root growth stimulator for several hours, dried and dusted with charcoal.
• They are placed in a wet peat-sand mixture, deepening by 2.5 cm.
• Cover with polyethylene, making holes in it for ventilation.
• Leave at + 20 ° C, periodically airing and watering. After about 30 days, the roots appear.
• Seedlings are placed in separate small pots. It can be rooted in water by adding a little crushed coal to it.

Jasmine propagation by layering

Reproduction by layering is easy and painless for the plant. If there is enough space in the pot where jasmine grows, they add a plant shoot, scraping off the bark and treating this place with a root growth stimulator. If there is not enough space in the pot, another container filled with earth is placed next to it, layering is dug in it. When rooting occurs, the cuttings are cut from the mother plant and transplanted.

Both breeding options are simple. When applied, all varietal characters of the mother plant are preserved.

Diseases and Pests

With the slightest flaws in care, jasmine becomes very vulnerable. Diseases and pests fall on him.

Diseases are manifested in the deterioration of the appearance of the bush:

• black jasmine leaves - the plant is cold (rearrange in a warm place);
• jasmine leaves dry - lack of moisture or too bright light (water, shade);
• flower buds do not open - little light (rearrange in a brighter place);
• jasmine leaves turn brown - too hot and dry (spray, put in a pan with wet expanded clay);
• squeezing, twisting, drying and flying around the leaves - direct sunlight, lack of moisture, dry air (shade, spray and water the plant);
• the leaves dry and the stems wither - very bright lighting (shade);
• dropping leaves - little light, insufficient or excessive watering, draft, dry air (rearrange in a lighted place protected from drafts, adjust watering, spray);
• shoots dry out - alkalization of the soil when irrigating with fresh water (to water with acidified water);
• tips of leaves and young shoots dry - drying of the soil, very dry air (water, spray).

When the rules for caring for jasmine are violated, pests attack it: aphids, leaf weevils, whiteflies, spider mites, scale insects, mealybugs. Before embarking on insecticides, proven folk methods are used (sprayed with decoctions of tobacco, calendula and celandine, treated with green soap): jasmine is a delicate plant that can react poorly to strong drugs.

Types of jasmine homemade with photos and names

There are about 300 types of jasmine. They have different colors and shapes of flowers, stem length. Some species, decorated with small cute leaves, do not bloom. They are used in landscape design. At home, only some species are grown.

Jasmine Royal (Jasminum rex)

The most popular type of homemade jasmine. A powerful creeping stalk is decorated with large (up to 7 cm in diameter) odorless white flowers. It blooms luxuriantly, usually in winter. Very decorative variety.

Jasmine multiflorum (Jasminum polyanthum)

Evergreen creeper with thin branches. Snow-white star-shaped flowers with a delicate aroma bloom from pale pink buds. In the inflorescence of about 20 buds. Strong pleasant aroma. Spring flowering, although rare flowers appear throughout the year. It is grown on a support.

Jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac)

Curly evergreen shrub with white star-shaped flowers having a pleasant delicate aroma. It blooms luxuriantly and continuously - from May to October. Does not give seeds. It can winter at normal room temperature.

Jasmine primrose (Jasminum primulinum)

A fast-growing shrub with thin branches and semi-double large yellow flowers. The flowers are odorless, similar to primrose flowers (primrose). It grows with support. Flowering - from late spring to early summer.

The florist’s highest joy is to see how the plant grown by him from a small seed or cuttings bloomed: it means that the worries were justified. Jasmine is a moody plant that knows its value. In hastily created conditions, it will not bloom.If you try and put your soul into the plant, the bush will be decorated with delicate delicate flowers with a bewitching aroma.

Watch the video: Flora Series - Growing Jasmine - How To Grow Jasmine Plants In Containers (November 2024).